香蕉假茎生物炭对根际土壤细菌丰度和群落结构的影响

Effects of banana pseudostem biochar on bacterial abundance and community structure in rhizosphere soil

摘要:

[目的]将香蕉假茎生物炭施加到土壤，探讨香蕉假茎生物炭对香蕉根际土壤微生物的影响。[方法]以香蕉假茎生物炭（BPB）0、1%、2%、3%的质量比与土壤均匀混合。盆栽培养3个月后分离香蕉根际土壤。采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对根际土壤细菌群落结构和丰度进行表征。[结果]提高BPB施用量可增加土壤有机质、有效钾、有效磷含量，提高土壤pH值，但降低有效氮浓度。在1% BPB样品中获得2278个OTUs，其显示细菌群落中的最大多样性。施加3%的BPB处理土壤，拟杆菌门、疣微菌门和厚壁菌门的相对丰度显著增加；放线菌门、酸杆菌门、芽单胞菌门明显减少。主成分分析发现，1% BPB和2% BPB处理的样本之间土壤细菌群落相似。[结论]施加不同比例BPB改变了根际土壤中细菌丰度和群落结构，且高比例添加改变更加明显。

Abstract:

[Objective] To study the effect of banana pseudostem biochar on soil microorganisms in banana rhizosphere, we added the biochar into soil. [Methods] We mixed banana pseudostem biochar (BPB) with soil uniformly at the mass ratio of 0, 1%, 2% and 3%. Banana rhizosphere soil was separated after 3 months of pot culture. The bacterial community structure and abundance in rhizosphere soil were characterized by 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing. [Results] Increasing BPB application could increase soil organic matter, available potassium, available phosphorus contents and increase soil pH value, but decrease available nitrogen concentration. In total 2278 OTUs were obtained from 1% BPB samples, showing the greatest diversity of bacterial communities. When 3% BPB was applied to the soil, the relative abundance of Bacteroidates, Verrucomicrobia and Firmicutes increased significantly, whereas that of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonade decreased significantly. Principal component analysis showed that soil bacterial communities were similar between 1% BPB and 2% BPB treated samples. [Conclusion] We changed the bacterial abundance and community structure in rhizosphere soil by applying different proportion of BPB, and the change in high proportion of BPB was more obvious.