艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤氨氧化古菌的多样性和群落结构

Diversity and community structure of ammonia oxidizing archaea in rhizosphere soil of reed in Ebinur Lake Wetland

摘要:

[目的]旨在揭示耐盐植物芦苇根际与非根际土壤AOA群落结构间的差异，为深入研究盐生植物根际土壤微生物与耐盐性之间的关系提供理论基础。[方法]应用高通量测序技术以氨单加氧酶基因（amoA）为分子标记，对新疆艾比湖湿地荒漠生态系统不同季节（春、夏、秋）芦苇根际与非根际土壤氨氧化古菌（AOA）的多样性和群落结构进行研究。[结果]结果表明，不同季节芦苇根际土壤AOA多样性和丰富度存在差异，相比非根际土壤，夏季和秋季芦苇根际土壤AOA多样性较低丰富度较高，春季多样性较高丰富度较低。芦苇根际土壤中AOA的多样性为春季 > 夏季 > 秋季。AOA群落组成分析表明，土壤样品中AOA群落主要集中在泉古菌门（Crenarchaeota）和奇古菌门（Thaumarchaeota），其中泉古菌门为主要优势菌门。RDA分析表明，含水量（SM）、有机质（SOM）、总氮（TN）和pH是影响芦苇根际土壤AOA群落多样性和丰富度的主要环境因子。[结论]不同季节芦苇根际土壤AOA多样性及丰富度存在差异，相比非根际土壤，芦苇根际土壤AOA更丰富。

Abstract:

[Objective] The aim of this study was to reveal the differences in the community structure of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil, to provide a theoretical basis for further study on the relationship between halophyte rhizosphere soil microorganisms and salt tolerance. [Methods] Using ammonia monooxygenase gene (amoA) as molecular marker, the diversity and community structure of AOA in rhizosphere soil of Reed in different seasons (spring, summer, autumn) in Ebinur Lake Wetland were studied by high-throughput sequencing technique. [Results] The diversity and richness of AOA were different in rhizosphere soil of Reed in different seasons. In summer and autumn, the richness of AOA in rhizosphere soil of Reed was higher than that in non-rhizosphere soil, the diversity was lower than that in non-rhizosphere soil. In spring, the diversity of AOA in rhizosphere soil of Reed was higher than that in non-rhizosphere soil, the richness was lower than that in non-rhizosphere soil. The diversity magnitude of AOA in terms of the season was spring > summer > autumn in rhizosphere soil of Reed. Community composition analysis of AOA showed that the main AOA communities in all soil samples were Crenarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota, and Crenarchaeota were the dominant phylum. RDA analysis showed that soil moisture, soil organic matter, total potassium and pH were the main factors affecting the diversity and richness of AOA community in rhizosphere soil of Reed.[Conclusion] The diversity and richness of AOA in rhizosphere soil of Reed were season dependent, compared with non-rhizosphere soil, AOA was more abundant in rhizosphere soil of Reed.