强化玉米饮食对小鼠肠道菌群结构和功能的影响

Influence of corn-rich diet on mice gut microbiota structure and function

摘要:

[目的]采用高通量测序方法研究强化玉米饮食对小鼠肠道菌群结构的影响以及可提高宿主糖代谢相关菌群功能基因的分析。[方法]分别给予两组小鼠（各10只）常规饮食和强化玉米饮食（1/4的玉米粉加3/4的常规饮食成分），喂养10周，之后采集小鼠粪便样本，提取DNA，使用高通量测序仪进行宏基因组测序分析，比较两组小鼠肠道菌群和功能基因的差异。[结果]两组小鼠的终末体重没有明显差异。各样本DNA的测序有效率足够，肠道菌群的多样性存在一定差异。属放线菌门（Actinobacteria）的双歧杆菌（Bifidobacteriales）-B. pseudolongum分支和Coriobacteriia-Collinsella/Enterorhabdus分支的丰度在强化玉米饮食组的小鼠中显著升高，相应的宏基因组中涉及糖酵解和胆汁酸合成的一些酶和功能单元的含量也在强化玉米饮食组显著升高。[结论]强化玉米饮食可以提高肠道菌群中双歧杆菌等益生菌的丰度，增加宏基因组糖脂代谢相关基因和通路的含量，从而可能促进宿主的糖代谢功能。

关键词:肠道菌群;强化玉米饮食;药食同源;高通量测序技术

Abstract:

[Objective] To verify if a corn-rich diet could change mice gut microbiota structure and enhance the host carbohydrate metabolism related gut flora genes by using high-throughput sequencing. [Methods] We fed mice for 10 weeks with either normal feedstuff or corn-rich feedstuff (containing 1/4 corn and 3/4 normal feedstuff), and compared the gut microbiome changes by high-throughput sequencing of fecal DNA. [Results] Mice in the two diet groups showed similar body weight after 10 weeks feeding. Fecal DNA of all mice generated high efficiency results, and different diet caused diversity difference of gut flora. The abundances of Bifidobacteriales-B. pseudolongum branch and Coriobacteriia-Collinsella/Enterorhabdus branch under Actinobacteria phylum were significantly higher in corn-rich diet group. Correspondingly, the abundances of phosphoglycerate mutase gene, and functional pathways and modules, including primary and secondary bile acid biosynthesis, as well as glucose transfer to pyruvate module and core module involving three-carbon compounds, were also increased in corn-rich diet group. [Conclusion] Corn-rich diet could promote the abundances of probiotics such as Bifidobacterium in gut microbiota, and raise glucose/lipid metabolic related gene and pathway abundances in microbiome, such influence could potentially improve the host metabolism status.

Key words:gut microbiome;corn-rich diet;drug and food homology;high-throughput sequencing