食用菌病毒的研究进展

Research progress in mushroom virus

摘要:

病毒是引起食用菌发生病害的重要病原之一，由于其具有潜隐性、不易辨认的特点，因而难以被人们所察觉，一旦发病就难以控制。在食用菌研究领域中，食用菌病毒使食用菌产量严重下降，引起的病害越来越受人们的重视，逐步成为该领域的研究热点。因此，本文主要针对食用菌病毒的结构与分类、危害、传播方式、检测方法以及食用菌病毒的脱毒技术等方面进行了综述，并对其存在的问题和前景进行了展望。这为食用菌病毒的检测、脱毒和无毒菌种的生产提供了理论依据，并为食用菌病毒的深入研究提供参考。

Abstract:

Mycoviruses (viruses of fungi) are one of the most important pathogens of edible fungi and cause significant losses in many mushroom production systems. Mycoviruses induce various response in mushrooms, often producing latent or no obvious symptoms that can lead to significant production losses. Research on viral diseases of edible fungi has increased significantly due to the economic importance as a result of production loses and potential application of mycovirus in plant disease management. Therefore, this paper aims to review the structure and classification of mycovirus, symptom expression and disease severity, mode of transmission, detection methods and techniques for eliminating and producing virus free spawns for mushroom cultivation, and suggest future research needs for sustainable management of mushroom viral diseases.