蜡状芽孢杆菌S458-1对水产养殖系统中水质调节的作用

Water quality control in aquaculture system by Bacillus cereus S458-1

摘要:

[目的] 水产养殖过程中蜡状芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）作为益生菌被广泛应用。本研究旨在深入了解分离于养殖水体中的一株蜡状芽孢杆菌S458-1对养殖水体以及养殖对象的影响，以期为菌株S458-1在水产养殖生产上的应用提供理论依据。[方法] 根据控制变量法，各试验组鲫鱼养殖模式设置相同温度、盐度、溶氧和pH，利用分光光度法测定水体的水化学指标；利用试剂盒法测定鲫鱼的血清生理生化指标。[结果] 添加菌株S458-1处理组（终浓度分别为10⁶、10⁷、10⁸ CFU/mL）与对照组（未加S458-1菌）相比：水体活性磷浓度显著性增加（P<0.05）；同时具有把NH₄⁺-N和NO₂^--N转化为NO₃^--N的趋势，但无显著性差异（P<0.05）；养殖鲫鱼血清检测结果显示谷草转氨酶（GOT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）以及丙二醛（MDA）含量均显著降低（P<0.05）。[结论] 蜡状芽孢杆菌S458-1具有脱氮解磷、调节水质的作用，并可增强养殖对象的生理健康状态，可作为益生菌应用于水产养殖中，具有较高的应用价值。

关键词:蜡状芽孢杆菌;S458-1;解磷作用;活性磷

Abstract:

[Objective] Bacillus cereus is widely used as a probiotic in aquaculture. The aim of this study focusses on the effects of Bacullus cereus S458-1, as previously isolated strain in our lab, on aquaculture water quality and healthy of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio).[Methods] According to the control variable method, we set up the same temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH in the aquaculture process, used spectrophotometry method to measure chemical indexes, and commercial kit method to determine serum physiological and biochemical indexes of gibel carp.[Results] Compared with the control group (without S458-1), in the Bacillus cereus S458-1 supplemented aquaculture groups, the concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus was significant increased (P<0.05). NH₄⁺ and NO₂^- converted into NO₃^-, even the data had no significant difference between the control group and S458-1 supplemented groups. The concentration of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde significantly decreased (P<0.05).[Conclusion] Bacillus cereus S458-1 plays important role in aquaculture system, and promotes nitrogen and phosphorus removal, regulates water quality, and enhances healthy condition of the aquaculture animals.

Key words:Bacillus cereus;S458-1;phosphate solubilization;soluble reactive phosphorus