铁还原菌降解石油烃的研究进展

Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by using iron-reducing bacteria

摘要:

铁还原菌是指能够利用细胞外Fe（III）作为末端电子受体，通过氧化有机物将Fe（III）还原为Fe（II）微生物的总称。铁还原作用广泛存在于土壤、河流、海洋、地表含水层以及高温高压的地下深部油藏。在厌氧或兼性厌氧条件下，Fe（III）还原耦合有机物的降解，对铁、碳元素的生物地球化学循环具有重要意义。本文介绍了铁还原菌的多样性和铁还原作用机理，综述了铁还原菌在石油烃降解方面的研究进展。此外，还总结了铁还原菌在生物修复中的潜在作用，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

Iron-reducing bacteria can reduce Fe(III) to Fe(II) by using the extracellular Fe(III) as a terminal electron acceptor and oxidizing organic compounds. The iron reduction widely occurs in soils, rivers, oceans, surface aquifers, and deep petroleum reservoirs at high temperatures and pressures. Anaerobic degradation of organic compounds coupled with Fe(III)-reduction is of great importance to the biogeochemical cycle of iron and carbon. This paper examines a variety of iron-reducing bacteria and their mechanisms. It also summarizes the research and development (R&D) progresses of using iron-reducing bacteria in degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. In addition, the potential role of iron-reducing bacteria in bioremediation is also discussed. Finally, some future studies of iron-reducing bacteria are recommended.