放线菌中亮氨酸应答调控蛋白的生物学功能及其调控机理

Biological function and regulation mechanism of Leucine-responsive regulatory proteins in actinomycetes

摘要:

放线菌是一类革兰氏阳性细菌，可产生氨基酸等初级代谢产物和抗生素等次级代谢产物，其广泛用于食品、医药、添加剂及化妆品行业。此外，还有少数放线菌，如分枝杆菌等，是可以引起人和动植物病害的病原菌。亮氨酸应答调控蛋白（Leucine-responsive regulatory protein，Lrp）是一类在氨基酸代谢及其相关代谢过程中的重要转录调控子，能够应答各种氨基酸，参与调控微生物细胞的多个生理过程，例如氨基酸代谢和转运、中心代谢、细菌的持久性和毒力等。本文总结了放线菌Lrp的生物学功能，并综述了放线菌中不同种属Lrp以及天蓝色链霉菌和红色糖多孢菌Lrp调控机理的研究进展。

Abstract:

Actinomycetes are a class of Gram-positive bacteria that can produce primary metabolites such as amino acids and secondary metabolites such as antibiotics. Actinomycetes are widely used in food, pharmaceutical, additive and cosmetic industries. In addition, a few actinomycetes, such as Mycobacterium, are pathogen that can cause human, animal and plant diseases. Leucine-responsive regulatory protein (Lrp) is a category of global transcriptional regulator involved in amino acid metabolism and its relevant metabolic processes. They are capable of responding to a variety of amino acids and participating in the regulation of multiple physiological processes in microbial cells, such as amino acid metabolism and transport, central metabolism, bacterial persistence and virulence, etc. This paper summarizes the biological functions of Lrp in actinomycetes, and reviews the research advance of regulatory mechanism of Lrp from different actinomycetes, especially Lrp from Streptomyces coelicolor and Saccharopolyspora erythraea studied.