冰川生态系统固碳微生物研究进展

Research progress of carbon fixation microorganisms in glaciers

摘要:

冰川占地球陆地表面的11%，储存了约10⁴ Pg有机碳。随着冰川消融有机碳被释放至下游生态系统中，刺激海洋、湖泊和径流的初级生产力进而影响其生态系统。微生物参与的固碳过程决定了冰川有机碳储量及向下游输出碳量。研究冰川固碳微生物群落构成及其生态功能，可为估算冰川碳积累量和保护下游生态系统提供数据基础。本文综述了冰川碳储量和释放量、冰川生态系统主要固碳途径、固碳微生物群落组成、固碳速率以及影响固碳速率的环境因素。最后基于研究现状展望了冰川生态系统固碳微生物的未来研究和发展方向。

关键词:冰川;固碳微生物;碳储量;固碳途径;影响因素

Abstract:

Glaciers occupy roughly 11% of the Earth's land surface and possess about 10⁴ Pg organic carbon. As glaciers melt, organic carbon is released into downstream ecosystems, stimulating the primary productivity and affecting the ecosystem of oceans, lakes, and runoff. Microbial carbon-fixing processes determine organic carbon storage in glaciers and carbon output from glaciers to downstream ecosystems. Investigations on community composition and function of carbon-fixing microbes in glaciers can provide a data basis for estimating the carbon accumulation in glaciers and protecting their downstream ecosystems. This review summarized the carbon storage and release of glaciers, carbon fixing pathways, the community composition of carbon-fixing microorganisms in glacial ecosystems, carbon fixation rate, and influencing environmental factors, followed by prospects on future research directions of carbon-fixing microorganisms in glacial ecosystems.

Key words:glaciers;carbon fixating microorganisms;carbon storage;carbon fixation pathways;influencing factors