洪潮江水库浮游细菌群落空间分布及其与环境因子的关系

Spatial distribution of bacterioplankton community in Hongchaojiang Reservoir and its relationship with environmental factors

摘要:

[目的] 为了解洪潮江水库浮游细菌群落组成、空间分布及其与环境因子的相互作用关系。[方法] 基于16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术，对洪潮江水库浮游细菌群落结构与多样性进行了分析，同步对水体的理化指标进行检测。[结果] 洪潮江水库共注释浮游细菌28门79纲168目243科325属85种。优势门为变形菌门、放线菌门、蓝细菌门、疣微菌门、拟杆菌门、浮霉菌门，分别占比21.95%、21.30%、17.98%、12.27%、11.72%、9.51%。基于Bray-Curtis距离的PCoA分析表明，洪潮江水库9个采样点可以被分为3组，细菌群落呈现沿上下游梯度变化的趋势。perMANOVA检验显示，各组差异显著，但是各组的多样性指数没有显著性差异。Mantel分析表明，透明度、浊度、总磷、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮、叶绿素a、pH、溶解氧、氧化还原电位、比电导、总溶解固体以及营养状态会显著影响浮游细菌群落结构。[结论] 洪潮江水库浮游细菌空间分布特征是自然环境理化因子和农业活动综合作用的结果。研究结果对了解浮游细菌群落空间格局及其对人类活动的响应，以及水库管理具有科学参考价值。

Abstract:

[Objective] To elucidate the composition, spatial distribution and interaction between phytoplankton community and environmental factors in Hongchaojiang Reservoir. [Methods] The community structure and diversity of planktonic bacteria in Hongchaojiang Reservoir were analyzed based on the 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology. The physical and chemical variables of the water were detected simultaneously. [Results] A total of 28 phyla, 79 classes, 168 order, 243 families, 325 genera and 85 species were identified. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes accounted for 21.95%, 21.30%, 17.98%, 12.27%, 11.72% and 9.51%, respectively. The PCoA analysis based on bray-curtis distance showed that the nine sampling sites in Hongchaojiang Reservoir could be divided into three groups, with the bacterial community displaying a gradient change along the upstream and downstream. The perMANOVA test indicated significant differences among the groups. However, there was no significant difference of the diversity index among the groups. Mantel analysis further confirmed that the transparency (Trans), turbidity (Turb), total phosphorus (TP), nitrite nitrogen (NO₂N), nitrate nitrogen (NO₃N), chlorophyll a (Chlo), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation reduction potential (ORP), specific conductivity (SPC), total dissolved solids (TDS), nutritional status (TLI) would affect the planktonic bacteria community structure significantly. [Conclusion] The spatial distribution of bacterioplankton in Hongchaojiang Reservoir is influenced by the combined effects of physical and chemical factors and agricultural activities. These results provided scientific references for understanding the spatial pattern of the plankton-bacterial community and its response to human activities as well as reservoir management.