多环芳烃污染土壤微生物修复研究进展

Advances in microbial remediation of soils polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

摘要:

多环芳烃是我国土壤环境质量标准中要求严格管控的一类持久性有机污染物，利用微生物技术修复有机污染土壤具有绿色、经济等突出特点，应用前景广泛。目前多学科的协同发展和新技术的研究应用，为多环芳烃土壤微生物转化机制与污染生态过程等方面带来了新的认识，同时对修复技术的实际应用与调控提供了新的思考方向。本文以多环芳烃污染土壤微生物修复为主体，从污染土壤微生物修复应用技术、多环芳烃微生物降解特征、土壤体系污染物归趋规律与微生物作用及土壤污染微生物群落响应与研究技术等方面进行综合评述，并针对现存应用技术瓶颈和理论空白作进一步思考和展望。

Abstract:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a group of persistent organic pollutants that require strict control according to the national standard for soil environmental quality of China. Remediation using microbial process is recognized as economical and eco-friendly technology with great potential. Recent advances in microbial remediation with regards to biotransformation mechanisms and microbial response to soil pollution open up new perspectives on the field-scale bioremediation and management for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. The review provides an overview of microbial remediation of soil polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, surveying comprehensively from remediation technology, biodegradation characteristics, to microbial response to soil pollution. At last, some theoretical bottlenecks in development of microbial remediation techniques are discussed.