多环芳烃厌氧生物降解研究进展

Progresses in anaerobic microbial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

摘要:

多环芳烃（PAHs）是环境中广泛分布的一类持久性有机污染物，对生态环境和公众健康具有极大危害。微生物降解是环境中去除多环芳烃污染的有效途径，近年来PAHs厌氧生物降解研究逐渐取代好氧降解成为人们关注的重点。本文从PAHs厌氧生物降解的研究背景出发，从不同厌氧还原反应体系、厌氧降解微生物、PAHs厌氧生物转化途径等方面阐述了PAHs厌氧生物降解的研究概况，归纳了对PAHs厌氧生物降解有积极作用的影响因素，提出了PAHs厌氧降解研究目前存在的问题，并对该领域未来研究方向作了简述和展望。希望为多环芳烃厌氧生物降解与环境修复研究与实践提供参考。

Abstract:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are harmful persistent organic pollutants and extremely detrimental to the ecological environment and human health. Biodegradation represents the major route to remove PAHs and other organic chemicals from contaminated environments. Many aerobic bacteria capable of PAHs degradation have been isolated and characterized. However, little is known about their fate in the absence of oxygen. There is an increasing number of investigations of anaerobic degradation of PAHs under various reducing conditions. This paper reviews recent studies of the anaerobic PAHs-biodegradation and identifies limitations that block our understanding of this process. Strategies that can be used to promote the biodegradation efficiency are also discussed.