Abstract:The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) supports basic research on RNA virus. The projects include virus tracing, structure and function, genetics and evolution, as well as, interaction with the host. The research reveals the material basis and mechanism of virus production, transmission and pathogenicity. It provides a theoretical basis for disease diagnosis, prevention and treatment. This article mainly counts the status of projects funded by NSFC in terms of project types, talent training and funding achievements, etc. It analyzes the problems of project funding in the field and attempts to provide suggestions for future development.