长琴岛团粒喷播修复区植物群落与土壤微生物群落的相互作用

Interactions between plant communities and soil microbial communities in the aggregate spray-seeding restoration area of Changqin Island

摘要:

随着全球生态环境问题的日益凸显，生态修复已成为重要的研究课题。团粒喷播技术作为一种新兴的生态修复手段，在植被恢复方面具有显著优势。目的 探究团粒喷播修复过程中植物群落组装与土壤微生物群落的关系。方法 通过对珠海长琴岛边坡不同喷播批次样地的深入调查，剖析先锋植物群落结构、土壤养分含量与土壤真菌、细菌群落特征之间的内在联系。结果 长琴岛喷播修复土壤真菌群落主要由9个门组成，其中子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)为优势菌门，细菌群落则以假单胞菌门(Pseudomonadota)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)为优势菌门。在功能方面，与植物致病性(plant pathogen)、木材腐解(wood saprotroph)和内生共生(endophyte)功能相关的真菌相对丰度较高，与氮循环功能相关的细菌相对丰度较高。采用支持向量机法确定了与喷播批次间差异紧密相关的24个土壤微生物及养分指标；通过聚类分析将主要修复植物分为2组，将24个相关土壤微生物和养分指标分为4类；通过组间相关分析得出植物组合与土壤微生物和养分指标之间存在对应相关性。结论 不同喷播批次间的群落结构和多样性存在差异，植物群落组装对土壤微生物群落结构和功能具有重要影响。本研究成果为生态修复实践提供了关键的理论支撑，有助于进一步优化生态修复策略，提升生态系统的稳定性和可持续性。

关键词:生态修复;真菌;细菌;恢复生态学

Abstract:

As global eco-environmental issues have aroused increasing concern, ecological restoration has become a key research topic. As an emerging technology for ecological restoration, aggregate spray-seeding offers significant advantages in vegetation restoration.Objective To reveal the relationship between plant community assembly and soil microbial communities during the aggregate spray-seeding restoration process.Methods A comprehensive investigation was conducted at plots of various seeding batches on the slopes of Changqin Island in Zhuhai City, focusing on the internal relationships of the structures of pioneer plant communities with soil nutrient content and characteristics of soil fungal and bacterial communities.Results The soil fungal community in the aggregate spray-seeding restoration area of Changqin Island was mainly composed of 9 phyla, among which Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were dominant. The soil bacterial community was dominated by Pseudomonadota, Acidobacteriota, and Bacteroidota. The soil fungi of plant pathogens, wood saprotrophs, and endophytes exhibited high abundance, while a large proportion of bacteria were involved in nitrogen cycling. Using the support vector machine method, we identified 24 soil microbial and nutrient indicators related to differences across aggregate spray-seeding batches. The cluster analysis classified the main restoration plants into two groups and the 24 soil-microbial and nutrient indicators into four categories. The inter-group correlation analysis showed significant associations of plant combinations with soil microbial and nutrient indicators.Conclusion Substantial differences in community structure and diversity are observed among different aggregate spray-seeding batches. Plant community assembly significantly influences the structures and functions of soil microbial communities. The findings of this study provide essential theoretical support for ecological restoration practices, contributing to the optimization of restoration strategies and enhancing ecosystem stability and sustainability.

Key words:ecological restoration;fungi;bacteria;restoration ecology