厌氧真菌和甲烷菌共培养的研究进展

Advance in the co-culture of anaerobic fungi and methanogens

摘要:

厌氧真菌是自然界中降解植物纤维素类物质最高效的微生物之一。近年来，大量厌氧真菌和甲烷菌共培养菌株被分离。共培养中，甲烷菌通过对厌氧真菌代谢产物的利用显著提高厌氧真菌对木质纤维素的降解；厌氧真菌通过为甲烷菌提供能量和营养物质使甲烷菌快速生成大量甲烷。全面深入地了解共培养中两者的互作关系以及共培养降解木质纤维素产甲烷的特性，将有助于研究对木质纤维素降解以及甲烷生成的调控。因此，本文主要综述了共培养的分离鉴定、多样性、互作关系以及对木质纤维素的降解。

Abstract:

Anaerobic fungi are among the most effective lignocelluloses-degrading microbes in nature. Recently, increasing number of the co-cultures of anaerobic fungi with methanogens have been isolated. In the co-culture, methanogens utilize metabolites produced by anaerobic fungi, enhancing the lignocelluloses-degrading ability of anaerobic fungi; anaerobic fungi provide methanogens with energy and nutrients, with which methanogens rapidly generate substantial methane. A comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the mutual interaction and the lignocelluloses-degrading methane-producing characteristics of the co-culture will be conducive to investigating the regulation of the lignocellulosic degradation and methane production. Thus, in this review, we summarized the isolation and identification, the diversity and the mutual interaction of the co-culture, and the decomposition of lignocellulosic material by the co-culture.