银白色葡萄球菌的发现、分布与致病性

Emergence, distribution and pathogenicity of Staphylococcus argenteus

摘要:

银白色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus argenteus）是金黄色葡萄球菌（S.aureus）的近缘新种，于2015年正式被鉴定、命名。在此之前，银白色葡萄球菌一直被认为是金黄色葡萄球菌种内的一个远源支系。该物种绝大多数菌株分离自人体，基因组上含有大量与金黄色葡萄球菌同源的毒力基因，可导致与金黄色葡萄球菌类似的临床感染和食物中毒症状。因为与人类健康相关，银白色葡萄球菌受到了越来越多的关注，目前已在20多个国家被报道。但是由于出现较晚，与金黄色葡萄球菌难以区分，银白色葡萄球菌的全球分布状况、原始生境和传播过程尚不清楚。本文从发现过程、分布、致病性和鉴定方法等方面综述了银白色葡萄球菌的最新研究进展。

关键词:银白色葡萄球菌;金黄色葡萄球菌复合群;施韦策葡萄球菌;临床感染;食品安全;多位点序列分型

Abstract:

Staphylococcus argenteus was identified and proposed to be a novel species closely related to S. aureus in 2015, and considered as a genetically divergent lineages within S. aureus. Most of S. argenteus strains are isolated from humans, could cause the same infections and foodborne illnesses as S. aureus, and harbor homologs of most virulence genes found in S. aureus. Because of its associations with human health, S. argenteus is a focus in more and more studies and reported in more than 20 countries/regions. It is still unclear about its global distribution, original habitat and dissemination, because this species is just recognized several years ago and is difficult to be distinguished from S. aureus. This paper reviews the recent progress on the emergence, distribution, pathogenicity and identification methods of S. argenteus.

Key words:Staphylococcus argenteus;Staphylococcus aureus complex;Staphylococcus schweitzeri;clinical infection;food safety;multilocus sequence typing