肠道菌群失衡与乳糜泻:重要性及可能机制

Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota-key player in the pathogenesis of celiac disease

摘要:

乳糜泻（Celiac disease，CeD）是基因易感人群摄入麸质后所发生的一种自身免疫性肠道疾病。越来越多证据表明，“第二人类基因组”——肠道菌群参与了CeD的发生与发展。相对于健康人群，CeD患者的肠道菌群多样性虽然增高，但有益菌减少，促炎细菌增多，并伴随菌群功能及代谢状态的改变。然而，这种菌群失衡是如何发生的，这种改变是否促进了CeD的发生发展，至今尚不明确。为此，本文检索并分析了相关研究进展，旨在探求肠道菌群失衡与CeD的关联性，为微生态调控防治CeD提供更有力的理论证据。

Abstract:

Celiac disease is an autoimmune-mediated enteropathy caused by ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible population. Accumulating evidence has shown that the second human genome, intestinal microbiota, plays an important role in the development of celiac disease. Compared with the healthy population, patients with celiac disease show higher diversity in intestinal microbiota, but more proinflammatory bacteria and less beneficial bacteria in the gut, paralleled by the altered function and metabolism of gut microbiota. However, it is unclear how this dysbiosis of microorganism occurs and whether this change promotes celiac disease. This review is aimed at summarizing current evidence on the relationship between the gut dysbiosis and celiac disease, thus contributing the prevention and treatment of this disorder by regulating microbiota.