羊卓雍措水体可培养酵母菌多样性及其与理化因子相关性

Diversity of culturable yeasts in Yamzhog Yumco Lake

摘要:

[目的] 开展羊卓雍措水体可培养酵母菌多样性研究，探究影响其多样性的主要理化因子。[方法] 采用膜过滤平置培养法分离纯化酵母菌，并结合rRNA ITS区域序列分析与经典分类法对酵母菌菌株进行鉴定。运用SPSS 20.0和CANOCO 5分析可培养酵母菌多样性及其与理化因子之间的关系。[结果] 羊卓雍措水体可培养酵母菌为16个属25个种，优势属为Vishniacozyma，优势物种为Vishniacozyma victoriae。Pearson相关系数显示，pH、电导率、总溶解固体量、盐度与各样点可培养酵母菌种数和属数呈显著正相关；总磷与各样点及各区域可培养酵母菌属数呈显著负相关，与各样点种数呈显著负相关。冗余分析显示，pH和总磷是影响羊卓雍措水体可培养酵母菌分布的主要环境因子。[结论] 羊卓雍措水体酵母菌资源比较丰富且存在明显的空间异质性，人类活动对酵母菌分布有较大影响。酵母菌分布与人类活动的关系值得进一步研究。

关键词:高原湖泊;羊卓雍措;酵母菌;多样性;理化因子

Abstract:

[Objective] To investigate culturable yeast diversity in Yamzhog Yumco Lake and analyze the influence of environmental factors on yeast diversity. [Methods] Yeasts were isolated by membrane filtration flat culture. Identification was based on sequence analysis of ITS domains of rRNA gene, combining with traditional classification method. SPSS 20.0 and CANOCO 5 were used to examine correlations between culturable yeast diversity and environmental factors. [Results] In total of 297 yeast strains were isolated, these strains were identified as 25 species in 16 genera. Vishniacozyma was the dominating genera in the Lake. Vishniacozyma victoriae was the dominating species. Statistical analysis indicated that pH, electric conductivity (EC), total dissolved salt (TDS) and salt were significantly positive related to yeast species number and genera number among different sites, total phosphorus (TP) is significantly negative related to yeast genera number among different sites and different regions, TP is significantly negative related to yeast species number among different regions, additionally, pH and TP were important factors influencing the community structure of yeast in the Yamzhog Yumco Lake. [Conclusion] The yeast community from Yamzhog Yumco Lake showed high species richness, the yeast community structure was different at different sites, and anthropogenical influenced is an important factor for the yeast community. The relationship between yeast community and human activities deserves further study.

Key words:Plateau lake;Yamzhog Yumco Lake;yeast;diversity;environmental factors