导电材料强化微生物直接种间电子传递产甲烷的研究进展

Research progress on enhancement of methane production through direct interspecific electron transfer by conductive materials

摘要:

厌氧条件下，微生物可以通过厌氧代谢产生甲烷（CH₄），由此衍生的厌氧消化技术可实现能源的回收利用。产CH₄的关键步骤是刺激发酵细菌和产甲烷古菌之间的有效电子转移，电活性微生物可以取代传统的氢/甲酸盐实现直接种间电子传递，其电子传递效率更高。添加导电材料可以促进直接种间电子传递并提高CH₄产率，是一种更有效的强化电子传递方式。本文在梳理直接种间电子传递发展和机理的基础上，综述了常见的促进直接种间电子传递的碳基和铁基导电材料，对其结构特征、电子传递机理、强化产CH₄和中间产物消耗等方面进行了系统总结。旨在为导电材料促进直接种间电子传递的研究提供参考，并探讨了未来可能的研究方向。

Abstract:

Under anaerobic conditions, microorganisms produce methane (CH₄) through anaerobic metabolism. The derived anaerobic digestion technology realizes energy recovery. The key step of CH₄ production is to stimulate the effective electron transfer between fermentation bacteria and methanogens. Electroactive microorganisms can replace the traditional hydrogen/formate to achieve direct interspecific electron transfer, with higher electron transfer efficiency. The addition of conductive materials promotes direct interspecific electron transfer and increase the yield of CH₄, which is a more effective way to enhance the electron transfer. Based on the development and mechanism of direct interspecific electron transfer, carbon-based and iron-based conductive materials that promote direct interspecific electron transfer are comprehensively reviewed. The structural characteristics, electron transfer mechanism, enhanced CH₄ production and intermediate consumption by these materials are systematically summarized. This review aims to provides reference for the research of conductive materials promoting direct interspecific electron transfer, and to explore the possible research direction in future.