全球变化下海岸带微生物生态研究进展

The impact of global change on microbes in coastal ecosystem

摘要:

海岸带地区是元素循环最活跃的自然区域之一，微生物作为地球元素循环的主要驱动者，对该区域生态系统中物质转化与能量流动起着至关重要的作用。本文从典型海岸带生态系统：海岸带湿地、海草床与海藻森林、近岸水体出发，围绕微生物参与的碳、氮循环过程以及其中的温室气体排放情况，综述了在全球气候变化与人为活动干扰的作用下，海岸带地区的微生物群落对外界环境变化的响应机制以及生态功能维持机制，最后对海岸带系统中微生物生态研究进行了初步的展望。

关键词:全球变化;海岸带生态系统;海岸带微生物;碳循环;氮循环

Abstract:

In all earth ecosystems, the coastal zone is one of the most active areas in multiple biogeochemical cycles. As the major driver of natural biogeochemical cycles, microbial community in coastal ecosystems is of vital importance to the material transformation and energy flow in this critical zone. In this review, we summarized the responses and feedbacks of microbial community to the circumstances of climate change and anthropogenic disturbance in typical coastal areas, such as coastal wetlands, offshore waters, seagrass meadows and kelp forests. It was mainly elucidated around microbes-involved carbon and nitrogen cycles, and greenhouse gases emission to reveal the microbial mechanisms on coastal ecosystem functioning and maintenance. Finally, some preliminary prospects are provided for the future studies of microbial ecology in the coastal zones.

Key words:global change;coastal ecosystem;coastal microbes;carbon cycle;nitrogen cycle