微生物源挥发性物质防治采后果蔬病害的研究进展

Control of postharvest fruits and vegetables diseases by microbial volatile compounds

摘要:

随着化学杀菌剂弊端的日益凸显，生物防治已逐渐成为采后果蔬病害控制的研究和开发热点。其中，很多微生物产生的多种挥发性物质（volatile organic compounds，VOCs），能显著抑制多种病原菌的生长繁殖，有效控制采后果蔬病害。由于微生物源VOCs具有有效、安全、环保、易降解和无残留等优点，越来越受到各国研究者的重视和青睐。本文综述了产生VOCs的微生物的多样性、微生物源VOCs的多样性、微生物源VOCs的抑菌活性、生防效果及其主要作用机制等方面的研究进展，以期为病原菌的绿色安全防治提供基础资料。

关键词:生物防治;微生物源挥发性物质;抑菌活性;生防效果;采后果蔬病害

Abstract:

With the increasingly prominent disadvantages of chemical fungicides, biological control has gradually attracted more attention for controlling disease of postharvest fruits and vegetables. Among biological control agents, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by different microorganisms can significantly inhibit the growth of various pathogens, and effectively control postharvest fruit and vegetable decay. Thus, VOCs synthetized by microorganisms are favored due to their safety, effectiveness, environmental harmlessness, easy degradation and no residue. Therefore, we review here the diversity of microorganisms with the ability to produce VOCs, the diversity of VOCs from microorganisms, the antifungal activities of VOCs and their possible related mechanisms responsible for the biocontrol effect, to provide an basis to develop biocontrol agents.

Key words:biocontrol;volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by microorganism;antifungal activity;biocontrol effect;postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables