铜绿假单胞菌锌离子摄取系统的研究进展

Zinc uptake systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

摘要:

锌作为一种结构、催化和信号的成分，在许多生理过程中起着关键的作用。它也是病原微生物生长所必需的，不但参与病原微生物代谢和各种毒力因子的调控，而且是病原微生物在宿主中感染和定殖所必需的。铜绿假单胞菌侵染宿主发挥毒力时，宿主会采取营养免疫的策略来限制体内环境中游离的锌离子浓度而抑制该病原菌的感染和定殖。反过来，铜绿假单胞菌则通过自身的锌离子摄取系统克服宿主的营养免疫防御。本综述重点介绍了铜绿假单胞菌中已知的3种锌离子摄取系统（ZnuABC摄取系统、HmtA摄取系统和CntRLMN摄取系统）和锌摄取调控蛋白Zur，同时分析了其他潜在的锌离子摄取途径，并进一步阐述了铜绿假单胞菌锌离子摄取系统在其侵染宿主发挥毒力时和抵御宿主营养免疫时发挥的重要作用。系统总结铜绿假单胞菌对锌离子的摄取过程，旨在为靶向锌离子摄取系统的新型抗铜绿假单胞菌药物的开发提供指导。

Abstract:

As a structural, catalytic, and regulatory component, zinc plays a key role in many cellular processes. It is also necessary for the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. It is not only involved in microbial pathogen metabolism and various virulence play, but also necessary for microbial pathogen infection and colonization in the host. When Pseudomonas aeruginosa infects the host to exert its virulence, the host will adopt the strategy of nutritional immunity to limit the concentration of free zinc ions in the internal environment and inhibit the infection and colonization of the pathogen. On the contrary, P. aeruginosa overcomes the host's nutritional immune defenses through its own zinc uptake systems. This review focuses on the three known zinc uptake systems (ZnuABC, HmtA and CntRLMN) and zinc uptake regulator (Zur) in P. aeruginosa, and further analyzes other potential zinc uptake pathways. The important roles of P. aeruginosa zinc uptake systems in host virulence and nutritional immune defense are also discussed. A systematic summary of the P. aeruginosa zinc uptake pathways is aimed at providing guidance for the development of new anti-P. aeruginosa drugs targeted zinc uptake systems.