新城疫病毒M蛋白在病毒毒力和复制中的作用研究进展

Advances in the role of M protein in the virulence and replication of Newcastle disease virus

摘要:

M蛋白是新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus，NDV）基因组编码的一种非糖基化膜相关蛋白，主要位于病毒囊膜内表面，构成病毒囊膜与核衣壳连接的支架。研究表明，M蛋白是一种细胞核-细胞质穿梭蛋白，在抑制细胞基因转录和蛋白质合成以及协助病毒粒子组装和出芽方面发挥了重要作用。目前，国内外对NDV毒力和复制的关系研究主要集中在病毒的F、HN和V蛋白以及RNP复合体，但是近年来研究人员利用反向遗传操作技术研究发现M蛋白与NDV毒力和复制也存在一定的联系。因此，本文主要对NDV M蛋白的结构特征、M蛋白对NDV毒力和复制的影响及其作用机制进行综述，以期为NDV M蛋白的功能研究提供新的理论参考。

Abstract:

The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) M protein is a non-glycosylated membrane-associated protein, which locates on the inner surface of NDV envelope and constitutes the bridge between the viral envelope and the nucleocapsid. Previous studies have shown that the NDV M protein is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein, which plays essential roles in inhibiting host gene transcription and protein synthesis, and also facilitating viral assembly and budding. Up to now, numerous studies have mainly focused on viral F, HN, V proteins and RNP complex to reveal the relationship between the virulence and replication of NDV. However, in recent years, several studies using the reverse genetics techniques have indicated that the M protein is also associated with the virulence and replication of NDV. Therefore, this summary reviews the structural features of M protein, and the relationship between M protein and NDV virulence and replication, which will provide a new theoretical reference for further investigating the functions of NDV M protein.