枯草芽孢杆菌疏水蛋白BslA的结构及应用

The structure and application of Bacillus subtilis hydrophobin BslA

摘要:

疏水蛋白（Hydrophobin）是具有表面活性的小分子量蛋白质，可以在界面自组装形成双亲性蛋白膜，从而改变界面亲疏水性。研究表明疏水蛋白无毒性且无免疫原性，基于这样的性质，疏水蛋白可用于材料表面修饰、食品塑形剂、纳米药物载体而进行靶向运输或生物传感器的信号精确识别等。近年来，在枯草芽孢杆菌生物被膜中发现了一种分泌型小分子量疏水蛋白BslA （原名YuaB）。研究表明，枯草芽孢杆菌疏水蛋白BslA表达产量高，纯化过程简单、易于操作，可实现大规模生产，因而BslA具有更大的应用优势和开发价值。本文总结了BslA的性质、功能、结构等方面的信息，并与真菌疏水蛋白进行了比较分析，系统分析了其结构特点及应用价值。

Abstract:

Hydrophobin is a class of small molecular weight proteins that have surface stability and can be self-assembled at the interface to form an amphiphilic protein membrane, thus changing the hydrophobicity of the interface. Previous research has shown that hydrophobin is non-toxic and immunogenic, can be used for material surface modification, food surface plasticity, drug target transport or biosensor signal accurate identification. In recent years, a small molecule secretion-type hydrophobin BslA (formerly YuaB) has been found in the biofilm of Bacillus subtilis. The research has shown that the Bacillus subtilis hydrophobin BslA has high expression yield, simple purification process, easy operation and large-scale production, so BslA has greater application advantage and development value. In this review, we summarize the information on the properties, functions and structure of BslA, and compare and analyze them with fungal hydrophobin, and systematically analyze their structural characteristics and application value.