肠道微生物与血清素互作研究进展

Research advances in interaction between gut microbiota and serotonin

摘要:

肠道微生物在肠道稳态和大脑健康中发挥着举足轻重的作用。血清素是大脑的一种重要的单胺类神经递质,90%以上在结肠肠嗜铬细胞中由色氨酸代谢转化而来,在机体发挥广泛作用。近年来的研究表明,血清素对机体发挥的作用可能受到肠道微生物影响。肠道中某些微生物具有产生血清素的能力,同时,微生物群及其代谢产物(如丁酸)能通过影响色氨酸羟化酶(tryptophan hydoxylase,TPH)活性或色氨酸代谢去向,调节机体血清素水平。反过来,血清素及其再摄取抑制剂能够调节肠道微生物组成和功能。肠道微生物-血清素系统互作对宿主健康具有重要意义,其互作机制还有待进一步了解和认识。本文综述了近年来肠道微生物、血清素及两者互相作用的研究进展,为深入研究肠道微生物与血清素互作对宿主肠道与大脑健康的调控提供参考。

Abstract:

Gut microbiota plays an essential role in intestinal homeostasis and brain health.Serotonin is an important monoamine neurotransmitter in the brain.More than 90% of serotonin is converted from tryptophan metabolism in colonic enterochromaffin cells and exerts system-wide regulations.Recent studies have demonstrated that the effects of serotonin may be affected by gut microbiota.Specific microbes in the gut have the ability to produce serotonin.The gut microbiota and its metabolites,such as butyric acid,can regulate the level of serotonin by affecting the activity of tryptophan hydoxylase or the metabolism of tryptophan.In turn,serotonin and serotonin reuptake inhibitors can modulate the composition and function of gut microbiota.The gut microbiota-serotonin interaction is of great significance to the host health,and the mechanism underlying the interaction remains to be elucidated.This article reviews the research progress on gut microbiota,serotonin,and their interaction,aiming to provide references for in-depth investigation on how the gut microbiota-serotonin interaction regulates gut and brain health.