丁酸梭菌替代金霉素对肉鸡腿肌肉品质和抗氧化功能的影响

Effect of Clostridium butyricum as a replacement of chlortetracycline on quality and antioxidation of broiler leg muscle

摘要:

丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyricum)是一种产丁酸等短链脂肪酸的有益菌,添加到饲料中可改善动物的生产性能、提高饲料利用率和机体的抗氧化功能。【目的】本文研究了丁酸梭菌替代金霉素添加到肉鸡日粮中,对肉鸡腿肌肉品质和抗氧化功能的影响。【方法】随机选取1日龄健康艾拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡360只,分为3组,每组8个重复,阴性对照组(CON)饲喂基础日粮;抗生素组(ANT)饲喂添加75 mg/kg金霉素的基础日粮;丁酸梭菌组(CB)饲喂添加500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌(活菌数10⁹ CFU/g)的基础日粮,试验为期42 d。【结果】与CON组相比,CB组肉鸡腿肌重、腿肌肉24 h红度(a*)、pH_{45 min}、pH_{24 h}、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪的含量显著提高,腿肌肉总抗氧化能力(total-antioxidant capacity,T-AOC)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、总超氧化物歧化酶(total superoxide dismutase,T-SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GPx)活性升高,腿肌肉核因子E2相关因子(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,Nrf2)、GPx-1、SOD-1和SOD-2的基因表达水平上调(P<0.05);肉鸡腿肌肉24 h亮度(L*)、滴水损失、蒸煮损失和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量下降。ANT组腿肌重和腿肌肉pH_{45 min}及Nrf2、GPx-1和SOD-1的基因表达水平增高(P<0.05),腿肌肉滴水损失和MDA的含量下降。与ANT组相比,CB组腿肌肉粗脂肪含量和CAT活性显著升高(P<0.05),腿肌肉的滴水损失和24 h的L*降低。【结论】日粮中添加丁酸梭菌可替代金霉素应用于肉鸡饲料中,激活Nrf2相关基因表达,改善肉鸡肌肉品质和抗氧化功能。

关键词:肉鸡;丁酸梭菌;腿肌;肉品质;抗氧化功能

Abstract:

The beneficial Clostridium butyricum,which synthesizes short-chain fatty acids such as butyric acid,can be added to feed to improve animal production,feed utilization efficiency,and the antioxidant ability of animals.[Objective] This paper explored effect of C.butyricum as a replacement of chlortetracycline on quality and antioxidant function of broiler leg muscle.[Methods] A total of 360 healthy 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly selected and classified into three groups,with 8 replicates each group.Negative control group (CON) was fed with basal diet,antibiotics group (ANT) basal diet supplemented with 75 mg/kg chlortetracycline,and C.butyricum group (CB) basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg C. butyricum(viable bacteria,10⁹ CFU/g).The experiment lasted 42 days.[Results] Compared with CON group,CB significantly increased weight,24h redness (a^*),pH_{45 min},pH_{24 h},crude protein content,and ether extract,decreased 24 h brightness (L^*),drip loss,cooking loss,and malondialdehyde (MDA) content,improved the total-antioxidant capacity (T-AOC),and the activity of catalase (CAT),total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD),and glutathione peroxidase (GPx),and up-regulated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2),GPx-1,SOD-1,and SOD-2 of broiler leg muscle (P<0.05).ANT raised the weight and pH_{45 min},reduced the drip loss and MDA content,and up-regulated the expression of Nrf2,GPx-1, and SOD-1 of broiler leg muscle compared with CON group (P<0.05).CB group demonstrated lower drip loss and L^* after 24 h and higher ether extract and CAT activity of broiler leg muscle than the ANT group (P<0.05).[Conclusion] C. butyricum can replace chlortetracycline for broiler feed,activate the expression of Nfr2 signaling pathway related genes,and which improves the quality and antioxidation of broiler leg muscle.

Key words:broilers;Clostridium butyricum;leg muscle;meat quality;antioxidation