异龙湖湿地修复后可培养酵母菌的多样性及其与理化因子的相关性

Diversity of culturable yeasts and its correlation with environmental factors in Yilong Lake after wetland restoration

摘要:

【目的】研究湿地修复后异龙湖中可培养酵母菌多样性及其与理化因子的相关性。【方法】对异龙湖湖水中可培养酵母菌进行DNA提取和测序，通过分析26S rRNA基因的D1/D2区域和形态以及生理生化特征对酵母菌进行鉴定，测定各个水样点的总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、总硬度(TH)和电导率(Cond)，运用R 4.0.5、Canoco 5软件来分析异龙湖湖水中可培养酵母菌多样性和与理化因子的相关性。【结果】从湿地修复后的异龙湖湖水中分离获得519株可培养酵母菌，鉴定为24个属42个种和1个潜在的新种，胶红酵母(Rhodotorula mucilaginosa)、皮肤皮状新丝孢酵母(Cutaneotrichosporon dermatis)以及产黑色素短梗霉(Aureobasidium melanogenum)是异龙湖中的优势种，分别分离到了320株(52.29%)、40株(7.71%)和37株(7.13%)。【结论】湿地修复后的异龙湖具有丰富的可培养酵母菌资源，其群落结构较湿地修复前有了明显的变化，湖区西北部的可培养酵母菌多样性要比湖区东南部丰富。TN与异龙湖中可培养酵母菌多样性呈现负相关关系，与优势类群呈正相关关系，是影响异龙湖中可培养酵母菌种群分布的主要理化因子。

Abstract:

[Objective]To investigate the diversity of culturable yeasts and the correlation with environmental factors in Yilong Lake after wetland restoration.[Methods] The DNA of culturable yeasts in Yilong Lake was extracted and sequenced. Based on the D1/D2 domains of 26S rRNA gene, morphological characteristics, and physiological and biochemical properties, the yeasts were identified. The total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total hardness (TH), and conductivity (Cond) of each water sample were determined. R 4.0.5 and Canoco 5 were used to analyze the diversity of culturable yeasts, and the correlation with environmental factors. [Results] A total of 519 culturable yeast isolates were obtained from Yilong Lake after wetland restoration, which belonged to 1 potential new specie and 42 species in 24 genera. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (320 strains, 52.29%), Cutaneotrichosporon dermatis (40, 7.71%), and Aureobasidium melanogenum (37, 7.13%) were the dominant species in Yilong Lake. [Conclusion] Culturable yeast resources were abundant in Yilong Lake after wetland restoration, and its community structure had changed greatly after the restoration. The diversity of culturable yeasts was higher in the northwest of the lake than in the southeast. TN showed a negative correlation with the diversity of culturable yeasts and a positive correlation with the dominant groups in Yilong Lake and it is the main environmental factor affecting the distribution of culturable yeasts in Yilong Lake.