有机卤呼吸微生物菌群营养交互的作用机制

Mechanisms of metabolic interactions in microbial communities harboring organohalide-respiring bacteria

摘要:

有机卤呼吸细菌(organohalide-respiring bacteria，OHRB)是污染场地土壤与地下水中厌氧降解及生物修复有机卤代污染物的主力军。微生物种群间的资源竞争、生长抑制、代谢交叉喂养(cross feeding，即营养的动态交换，包括碳源、氮源、氨基酸、维生素、核苷酸、电子供体、电子受体和其他生长因子等)、水平基因转移及其他交互作用机制是群落结构稳定平衡的基础，有利于促进有机卤代污染物消减效率的最大化。本文围绕OHRB种群及与其他微生物种群间的互作机制(如交叉喂养机制、竞争机制及抑制机制等)进行了概述，并对未来互作机制的研究进行了探讨与展望，旨在为有机卤代物污染场地生物修复效率的提高提供科学理论和技术参考依据。

Abstract:

Organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) are key players involved in the bioremediation of the soil and groundwater contaminated with halogenated compounds. Substrate competition, growth inhibition, cross-feeding interaction (dynamic exchange of nutrients, such as carbon source, nitrogen source, amino acids, vitamins, nucleotides, electron donors, electron acceptors, and other growth factors), horizontal gene transfer, and other interaction mechanisms are contributing to the stability and balance of microbial community structure, which is critical to maintaining the optimal dechlorination efficiency of halogenated contaminants. This review summarized the interaction mechanisms (e.g., cross-feeding, competition, inhibition) in microbial communities harboring OHRB and non-dechlorinating populations. In addition, we highlighted and discussed key scientific questions arising from the current state of OHRB-driven microbial ecology. This review aimed to provide scientific theory and technical reference for enhanced bioremediation at halogenated compounds-contaminated sites.