新城疫病毒抗肿瘤效应机制的研究现状

Anti-tumor mechanism of Newcastle disease virus: a review

摘要:

溶瘤病毒疗法是一种重要的抗癌手段。经研究，新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus，NDV)是一种非常有效的溶瘤病毒(oncolytic virus，OV)，它能选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞，对正常细胞几乎无影响。本文从NDV诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡、自噬、抑制细胞代谢、刺激机体免疫反应和诱导肿瘤细胞发生核糖体应激反应等方面综述了新城疫病毒的抗肿瘤效应机制，并着重探讨了NDV通过诱导核糖体压力应激反应调控肿瘤细胞翻译系统并诱导细胞发生凋亡的具体机制，旨在为今后NDV抗肿瘤作用的深入研究及靶向治疗癌症提供更加扎实丰富的理论基础。

Abstract:

Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is an important anticancer means. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) displays effective oncolytic activity in many tumor types, which kills tumor cells in a selective way without being toxic to normal cells. In this paper, we reviewed the anti-tumor mechanisms of NDV from the aspects of inducing apoptosis and autophagy of tumor cells, inhibiting cell metabolism, stimulating immune response, and triggering ribosomal stress response in tumor cells, particularly the specific mechanism of inducing ribosomal stress response to regulate the translation system of tumor cells and trigger cell apoptosis. This review is expected to lay a solid theoretical foundation for in-depth research on the anti-tumor effect of NDV and targeted therapy of cancer in the future.