Abstract:The foodborne pathogenic Staphylococcus is common in clinical settings. It contaminates food during the raw material processing, packaging, and transportation, thus causing a variety of serious human infections. However, the drug resistance of this species has been on the rise, posing a huge threat to public health. The methyltransferase encoded by the cfr (chloramphenicol-florfenicol resistance) gene in Staphylococcus can cause methylation of bacterial ribosomal RNA, thus blocking or weakening the binding between multiple antibiotics with different chemical structures and peptidyl transferase center (PTC). This explains the development of multiple drug resistance in this species. Linezolid, an oxazolidone, is regarded as the last line of defense after vancomycin in the treatment of infections caused by drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. cfr gene accelerates the spread of linezolid resistance. This gene is ubiquitous in a variety of pathogenic Staphylococcus bacteria and the close relationship of the gene with various mobile elements (plasmids, transposons, integration-related elements, etc.) is the structural basis for its wide spread. In the horizontal transfer of cfr gene, foodborne pathogenic Staphylococcus plays an important role as an intermediary. This study reviews the distribution, resistance mechanism, genetic environment, and transfer mechanism of cfr gene in pathogenic Staphylococcus, which is expected provide a reference for prevention and control of the spread of pathogenic Staphylococcus and the control of further spread of multidrug resistant bacteria.
