聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯水解酶IsPETase及其应用展望

Polyethylene terephthalate hydrolase IsPETase and its application prospect

摘要:

随着生物技术的迅速发展，酶解法作为一种绿色可持续的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET)回收处理方案，有望解决全球范围内废弃PET带来的环境污染问题。众多PET水解酶中，来自Ideonella sakaiensis的PETase因其对PET底物的高特异性成为当下研究的热点。基于对酶的结构和功能的深刻理解，本文总结了近年来PETase的工程改造进展，以提高酶的降解活性、热稳定性和对底物的吸附性；介绍了PETase的分泌表达策略、细胞表面展示技术，以及PETase与MHETase双酶系统的应用；最后，我们对塑料生物降解领域存在的挑战及可能的解决途径进行了展望，这些工作将为促进聚合物生物降解的实际应用提供参考。

Abstract:

As biotechnology advances, biodegradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has emerged as an attractive strategy, promising to reduce the environmental burden caused by waste PET. Among many PET hydrolases, PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis has become a hot research topic owing to high specificity to PET substrate. Based on the structure and function of PETase, this review summarized modifications of this enzyme in recent years to improve the degradation activity, thermostability, and adsorption of the enzyme. Moreover, we also introduced the secretory expression systems and the cell surface display of PETase, as well as the application of the PETase together with MHETase. Finally, we summed up the challenges in and possible solutions to plastic biodegradation. This study is expected to provide a reference for promoting the practical application of polymer biodegradation.