大熊猫源细菌耐药性研究进展

Research progress in the antibiotic resistance of giant panda-derived bacteria

摘要:

耐药菌和耐药基因已成为一种新型环境污染物，引发世界公共卫生问题。细菌耐药性尤其是多重耐药菌在人医临床、畜禽养殖以及环境传播等多个方面得到越来越多的关注，而关于大熊猫等野生动物的耐药性研究相对较少。大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）是世界公认的珍稀野生动物，其种群数量易受到各种疾病的威胁，尤其是肠道细菌性疾病。随着抗菌药物在疾病预防和控制中的普遍使用，由此带来的耐药性危害日益明显。本文总结了关于大熊猫源细菌耐药的国内外研究报道，对其耐药表型、耐药基因型、耐药机制及水平传播机制等方面内容进行了综述，旨在为大熊猫源细菌耐药性的研究和防控提供依据，为临床科学用药提供理论参考，从而助力大熊猫迁地保护。

Abstract:

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes have become new environmental pollutants causing public health problems in the world. The antibiotic-resistant bacteria, especially multidrug-resistant bacteria, has received increasing attention in clinical medicine, animal breeding, and environmental transmission. However, there are few studies about the antibiotic resistance of bacteria in wild animals such as giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is recognized as a rare wild animal in the world and its population is vulnerable to a variety of diseases, especially intestinal bacterial diseases. With the increasing use of antimicrobials in disease prevention and control, the harm of antibiotic resistance is becoming more and more apparent. By reviewing the research reports on the antibiotic resistance of giant panda-derived bacteria, we introduced the phenotypes, genotypes, and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance as well as the horizontal transmission mechanisms of the bacteria. This review aims to provide a basis for the prevention and control of antibiotic resistance and the reasonable application of antibiotics in clinical practice, so as to facilitate the ex situ conservation of giant panda.