干扰素刺激基因与新型冠状病毒相互作用的研究进展

Research progress in the interaction between interferon- stimulated genes and SARS-CoV-2

摘要:

目前新型冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)感染所致的新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease, COVID-19)已成为威胁人类健康和安全的全球性流行性疾病。随着新突变株的不断出现，寻找有效治疗药物和靶点迫在眉睫。干扰素刺激基因(interferon-stimulated genes, ISGs)是由干扰素(interferons, IFNs)诱导后表达上调的一类基因，在宿主抵抗病毒感染过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。研究表明，ISGs能够靶向许多病毒复制的不同阶段发挥抗病毒作用，然而SARS-CoV-2也进化出各种策略干扰或逃避宿主天然免疫。因此，全面了解SARS-CoV-2与ISGs相互作用，对于设计抗病毒策略至关重要。本文简要综述不同ISGs抵抗SARS-CoV-2的作用机制，为开发新型的抗病毒药物提供思路和理论依据。

Abstract:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has led to a global COVID-19 pandemic threatening human health and safety. However, it is urgent to find effective therapeutic agents and targets in response to the emergence of novel variants. Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), a class of genes upregulated by interferons (IFNs), play a crucial role in host resistance against viral infection. Studies have demonstrated that ISGs are able to target different stages of viral replication cycle to exert the effect against viral infection, whereas SARS-CoV-2 has evolved strategies to interfere with or evade host innate immune response. Comprehensively understanding the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and ISGs is critical for the design of antiviral therapeutics. This review aims to briefly introduce the mechanisms of different ISGs against SARS-CoV-2, which provides ideas and theoretical basis for the development of novel antiviral agents.