基于盐酸硫胺保护的荧光铜纳米簇的制备及其对微生物样品中铁离子的特异性检测

Aneurine hydrochloride protected fluorescent copper nanoclusters: preparation and application in the specific detection of Fe3+ in microbial samples

摘要:

【目的】采用盐酸硫胺(aneurine hydrochloride, VB₁)作为保护配体和还原剂，制备荧光稳定的VB₁保护的铜纳米簇(aneurine hydrochloride protected copper nanoclusters, VB₁-Cu NCs)，并用于痕量Fe³⁺的检测。【方法】使用VB₁作为保护配体和还原剂，合成VB₁-Cu NCs。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱和粒径进行表征，并探究了VB₁-Cu NCs的pH响应性、对Fe³⁺的选择性以及线性范围。【结果】制备的VB₁-Cu NCs具有良好的水溶性，优异的稳定性和超细的尺寸。VB₁-Cu NCs作为荧光探针检测Fe³⁺，在0–5 μmol/L和5–500μmol/L范围内均呈良好的线性，检测限为0.085 μmol/L。利用该方法检测实际微生物样品毛癣菌(Trichophyton)中的Fe³⁺，回收率在95.67%–107.94%之间。【结论】以VB₁作为保护配体和还原剂，制备了具有稳定荧光的VB₁-Cu NCs，基于该铜纳米簇对Fe³⁺的选择性淬灭，建立了一种简单快速且灵敏的检测Fe³⁺的新方法，并成功应用于毛癣菌中Fe³⁺的检测，在实际微生物样品中具有较好的应用前景。

Abstract:

[Objective] To prepare the fluorescent stable aneurine hydrochloride (VB₁)-protected copper nanoclusters with VB₁ as a protective ligand and reducing agent for the detection of trace amounts of Fe³⁺. [Methods] We used VB₁ as a protective ligand and reducing agent to synthesize VB₁-protected copper nanoclusters. Then, we characterized the copper nanoclusters by UV visible absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, and particle size, and explored their pH responsiveness, selectivity to Fe³⁺, and linear range in the detection of Fe³⁺. [Results] The prepared VB₁-protected copper nanoclusters had good water solubility, excellent stability, and ultrafine size. As the fluorescent probes to detect Fe³⁺, the copper nanoclusters showed good linearity in the ranges of 0–5 μmol/L and 5–500 μmol/L, with the limit of detection of 0.085 μmol/L. When being used to detect Fe³⁺ in the actual microbial sample of Trichophyton, the copper nanoclusters showed the recovery rate between 95.67% and 107.94%. [Conclusion] We used VB₁ as a protective ligand and reducing agent to prepare fluorescent stable VB₁-protected copper nanoclusters. On the basis of the selective quenching of Fe³⁺ by the copper nanoclusters, we established a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for the detection of Fe³⁺ and successfully applied it to the detection of Fe³⁺ in Trichophyton. This method has a good application prospect in actual microbial samples.