拉曼光谱检测微生物的研究方法和进展

Methods in the detection of microorganisms by Raman spectroscopy

摘要:

快速准确地识别和鉴定微生物对于环境科、食品质量以及医学诊断等领域研究至关重要。拉曼光谱(Raman spectroscopy)已经被证明是一种能够实现微生物快速诊断的新技术，在提供微生物指纹图谱信息的同时，能够快速、非标记、无创、敏感地在固体和液体环境中实现微生物单细胞水平的检测。本文简单介绍了拉曼光谱的基本概念和原理，重点综述了拉曼光谱微生物检测应用中的样品处理方法及光谱数据处理方法。除此之外，本文概括了拉曼光谱在细菌、病毒和真菌中的应用，其中单独概括了拉曼在细菌快速鉴定和抗生素药敏检测中的应用。最后，本文阐述了拉曼光谱在微生物检测中的挑战和展望。

Abstract:

Rapid and accurate identification and characterization of microorganisms is essential for the research in environmental science, food quality, and medical diagnostics. Raman spectroscopy has been shown to be a new technique that enables rapid microbial diagnosis, providing microbial fingerprinting information while enabling rapid, non-labeled, non-invasive, and sensitive detection of microorganisms at the single-cell level in both solid and liquid environments. This paper briefly introduced the basic concepts and principles of Raman spectroscopy and focused on a review of the sample handling methods and spectral data processing methods in the application of Raman spectroscopy for microbial detection. Besides, this paper outlined the application of Raman spectroscopy in bacteria, viruses, and fungi, among which the application of Raman in rapid bacterial identification and antibiotic drug sensitivity detection was outlined separately. Finally, this paper described the challenges and prospects of Raman spectroscopy in microbial detection.