柑橘溃疡病及其微生物防治研究进展

Research progress on citrus canker disease and its microbial control

摘要:

柑橘是我国第一大水果，柑橘溃疡病是导致柑橘产量和品质下降的最具破坏性细菌性病害之一，给柑橘产业造成了巨大的经济损失，严重阻碍了柑橘产业的可持续发展。微生物防治柑橘溃疡病具有安全、环保、高效等优点，是当前研究的热点。本文主要概述了柑橘溃疡病特征及其病原菌分类、分布，全面分析了柑橘溃疡病病原菌主要致病机理和协助致病机理；系统梳理了柑橘溃疡病生防微生物的多样性；重点总结了微生物通过产生活性物质、诱导激活植物免疫防御系统等防治柑橘溃疡病的作用机制；最后，我们提出了柑橘溃疡病微生物防治面临的挑战以及未来可能的解决途径，以期为柑橘产业的健康发展提供参考。

关键词:柑橘溃疡病;病原菌;致病机理;生防微生物;生防机制

Abstract:

Citrus is the highest yield and largest fruit in China. Citrus canker disease is one of the most destructive bacterial diseases and results in the decrease in citrus production and quality, thereby further leading to great economic losses to the citrus industry and harmful effects for its sustainable development. The pathogen of citrus canker disease is identified as Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc). Microbial control of citrus canker disease pathogen has the advantages of safe, eco-friendly, and efficient, and thus has received extensive attention. In this paper, we outlined the characteristic of citrus canker disease and the taxonomy and distribution of Xcc, analyzed the main and auxiliary pathogenesis of Xcc on citrus, reviewed the microbial diversity against citrus canker disease and Xcc, and summarized biocontrol mechanisms of microorganisms mainly including the action of bioactive metabolites and the inducing and activation of plant immune defense system. Finally, we summed up the challenges and possible solutions to microbial control of citrus canker to provide the theoretical basis for citrus industry development.

Key words:citrus canker disease;pathogen;pathogenesis;biocontrol microorganisms;biocontrol mechanism