我国三大水系环境微塑料污染现状及其表面微生物群落特征的研究进展

Research progress in microplastic pollution status and microorganisms on microplastics in three major rivers in China

摘要:

微塑料(microplastics, MPs)广泛存在于水生生态系统表层，可为水环境中微生物的富集提供独特的生态位，并对生态系统及人类健康造成潜在威胁。我国是塑料生产及使用大国，正面临着严重的塑料污染问题，我国水系的微塑料污染状况及其表面微生物群落的生态效应受到重点关注。本文总结了我国三大水系(长江、黄河、珠江)微塑料污染现状、微塑料表面微生物群落的分布特征及影响因素，最后对我国水环境中微塑料表面的微生物研究现状和未来发展提出总结与展望。

Abstract:

Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the surface water of aquatic ecosystems. Generally, MPs can provide unique niches for microorganisms in the environment and pose potential threats to ecosystems and human health. China produces and uses a large amount of plastics, which results in serious plastic pollution. The pollution of MPs in aquatic ecosystems in China and the ecological effects of the microbial communities on MPs have aroused increasing concern. This review introduced the status of MP contamination in three major rivers (Pearl River, Yangtze River, and Yellow River) in China, the microorganisms on MPs, and the factors influencing the microbial community structure. Finally, we summarized the research progress in the microorganisms on MPs in China’s aquatic ecosystems and put forward the prospects.