CBM在多糖底物降解中的应用进展

Application of carbohydrate-binding modules in degradation of polysaccharides

摘要:

碳水化合物结合模块(carbohydrate-binding module, CBM)是碳水化合物活性酶的重要组成部分，其功能是识别并结合到特定的多糖底物上以提高催化结构域在底物附近的浓度及催化效率，帮助其更好地降解如纤维素、木聚糖、几丁质和黄原胶等大分子化合物。不同家族的CBM因其来源或结构不同往往会具有不同的底物结合特性。本文从CBM的家族、结构和功能等方面对CBM近年来的研究进行了综述，特别是对其作为融合单元运用到多糖底物的降解和糖苷水解酶改造方面的应用进行了总结。

Abstract:

Carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) are important components of carbohydrate-active enzymes. CBMs recognize and bind to specific polysaccharides (substrates) to increase the concentration of catalytic domains near the substrates and improve catalytic efficiency, facilitating the degradation of macromolecular compounds such as cellulose, xylan, chitin, and xanthan. The substrate-binding characteristics of CBM vary because of the different sources or structures. This paper summarizes the studies of CBM in recent years from the aspects of family, structure, and function, especially the application in the degradation of polysaccharides and the modification of glycoside hydrolases.