病原菌效应因子调控宿主泛素化修饰的研究进展

Modulation of host ubiquitination pathways by bacterial effectors

摘要:

泛素化(ubiquitination)是真核细胞内广泛存在的蛋白质翻译后修饰方式，参与并调控DNA修复、细胞周期、免疫应答、信号通路等真核细胞内几乎所有的生命活动。同时，细胞通过去泛素化酶(deubiquitinases, DUBs)使泛素化修饰成为可逆过程，保证了泛素化系统及其相关生理过程的动态平衡。病原菌感染过程中，宿主细胞可通过泛素化修饰发挥抗细菌感染作用。然而，病原菌可编码并分泌效应因子，靶向宿主泛素(ubiquitin, Ub)系统并调控宿主泛素化修饰过程，干扰宿主细胞的免疫应答，从而促进细菌存活与毒力。本文概述了重要病原菌利用效应因子调控宿主细胞泛素化修饰的研究进展，有助于全面理解病原菌调控宿主泛素化修饰促进感染的机制。

Abstract:

Ubiquitination is a common post-translational modification of proteins in eukaryotic cells, which is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes such as DNA repair, cell cycle, immunological response, and signal transduction. Meanwhile, host cells use deubiquitinases (DUBs) to reverse ubiquitin signals, ensuring the dynamic balance of the ubiquitination system and physiological functions. In the case of bacterial infection, host cells mount a defense response by ubiquitination. However, pathogenic bacteria can encode and secrete effectors to regulate the ubiquitination of the host, thereby interfering with the host cellular immune response and bolstering their survival and virulence. This review outlines the research on the effectors of pathogenic bacteria that regulate ubiquitination pathways in host cells, which is expected to enhance the understanding of bacteria’s regulation of host ubiquitination for the infection.