不同地区人初乳中细菌多样性研究

Bacterial diversity in human colostrum samples from different regions

摘要:

初乳中的微生物在婴儿生长发育过程中具有多种有益作用。【目的】本研究分析了影响初乳微生物组成的多个因素，为后续探讨人初乳菌群的相关研究提供新思路。【方法】通过PacBio SMRT测序技术对37份采集自湖北恩施地区人初乳样本中细菌16S rRNA基因序列进行测序，并结合公共数据库中已公布的来自内蒙古、海南、广西、河北、黑龙江和江苏等地区的62份人初乳中微生物组数据，探究不同地区人初乳中菌群组成与结构特点。【结果】99份人初乳样本共注释到345个属，937个种，其中乳酸乳球菌(Lactococcus lactis)、Ralstonia insidiosa、溶血孪生球菌(Gemella haemolysans)等是人初乳中的优势菌种。基于jaccard距离的主坐标分析(principal coordinate analysis, PCoA)显示，不同地区之间的人初乳菌群呈现显著分离趋势。同时比较影响初乳微生物组成因素的R²大小发现：地区>婴儿喂养方式>妊娠期健康状态>分娩方式>胎次。【结论】本研究通过比较多个因素对人初乳中细菌菌群的影响，发现不同地区是影响人初乳微生物组成的主要因素。

Abstract:

The microorganisms in colostrum have a variety of beneficial effects on the growth and development of infants. [Objective] We analyzed several factors affecting the flora composition of colostrum, aiming to provide a new idea for the follow-up study of human colostrum flora. [Methods] We used PacBio SMRT sequencing platform to complete the bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 37 colostrum samples collected from Enshi, Hubei Province. We then used the sequence data and the published data of 62 human colostrum samples from other regions in the public database to explore the composition and structure of bacterial flora in the human colostrum samples from different regions. [Results] There were 345 genera and 937 species in 99 colostrum samples. Lactococcus lactis, Ralstonia insidiosa, and Gemella haemolysans were the dominant species in human colostrum. The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on jaccard distance showed a significant separation trend of flora in human colostrum samples between different regions. The R² of the factors affecting the composition of colostrum flora followed the trend of region>infant feeding modes>maternal health during pregnancy>mode of delivery>parity. [Conclusion] Region was the main factor affecting the flora composition of human colostrum.