靶向宿主致病菌sRNA的发现及其靶标确定的实验技术进展

Progress in experimental techniques for the discovery and target determination of pathogen sRNAs targeting hosts

摘要:

人类时常暴露于充满各种致病菌的环境中，这些致病菌与人体细胞或组织之间存在多种相互作用。在相互作用的过程中，细菌通过调节自身毒性、侵袭性等致病性，以适应宿主环境并生存下来，同样，宿主细胞也会通过调动自身的免疫系统来抵抗致病菌的入侵。然而，大多数研究者主要聚焦于致病菌sRNA (small RNA, sRNA)自身生理功能的研究，致病菌与宿主相互作用的认识仍然处于起步阶段。因此，如何使用高灵敏性、高分辨率的方法研究致病菌与宿主之间的相互作用成为当前研究面临的一大难题。本文综合国内外相关研究，概述了目前研究致病菌与宿主相互作用常用的技术方法及实验流程，提高对其机制原理的理解，为致病菌sRNA-宿主靶标的相关研究提供技术参考。

Abstract:

People are exposed to environments containing various pathogens, which have multiple interactions with human cells or tissues. Pathogens can survive in the host environment by regulating pathogenic conditions such as virulence and invasiveness. At the same time, host cells resist the invasion of pathogens by mobilizing their own immune system. However, researchers mainly focus on the physiological functions of sRNAs in pathogens and have gained limited knowledge about the interactions between pathogens and hosts. How to use highly sensitive and high-resolution methods to study the interactions between pathogens and hosts have become a major challenge in the current research. By reviewing relevant studies, we summarize the commonly used techniques and experimental processes for studying the interactions between pathogens and hosts, aiming to improve the understanding about the mechanisms and principles of these experimental techniques and provide technical references for the research on interactions between pathogen sRNAs and host targets.