代谢工程改造大肠杆菌合成L-苏氨酸研究进展

Progress in the synthesis of L-threonine by metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli

摘要:

L-苏氨酸是一种人体自身无法合成，必须从食物中摄取的8种必需氨基酸之一，是蛋白质合成的重要组成成分，广泛应用于食品、饲料、医药等多个领域。目前，利用大肠杆菌发酵可获得更理想的苏氨酸产量，是工业上用于苏氨酸生产的主要菌株。随着代谢工程技术的发展，对菌株的改造不再局限于传统诱变育种，菌株的定向改造极大地提高了菌株L-苏氨酸的合成能力，促进了L-苏氨酸工业的发展。本文主要从L-苏氨酸的理化性质、合成途径以及利用代谢工程技术在提高L-苏氨酸产量研究中取得的一系列成果进行综述，旨在为改造大肠杆菌高效合成苏氨酸的研究提供更全面的认识。

Abstract:

l-threonine is one of the eight essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be taken from food. It is an important component of protein synthesis and is widely used in food, feed, medicine and other fields. At present, Escherichia coli can achieve a high threonine yield in fermentation, being the main bacterium used for industrial production of threonine. With the development of metabolic engineering, the modification of strains is no longer limited to mutagenesis, and the directed modification of strains greatly improves the production of l-threonine, facilitating the development of the l-threonine industry. This paper introduces the physicochemical properties and synthesis pathway of l-threonine and reviews the achievements in improving l-threonine production by metabolic engineering, aiming to enrich the knowledge about the modification of Escherichia coli for efficient synthesis of threonine.