以光催化材料构建的生物杂化体驱动氮循环的研究进展

Research progress in nitrogen cycling driven by biohybrids constructed with photocatalytic materials

摘要:

氮是地球上的生物体必不可少的元素，它以不同的形态在生物圈中不断地循环转化。以光催化材料构建的生物杂化体是近年来产生的一种新的体系，它将光催化物质和电活性微生物结合起来，集成了光催化剂优异的光捕获性能，产生电子及生物高效的催化能力。因此，研究该体系在氮循环中如何发挥作用及相关机制等方面具有重要的意义。本文介绍了微生物氮循环和生物杂化体驱动的氮循环过程，重点阐述并总结了以光催化材料构建的生物杂化体驱动氮循环的几种类型、优缺点及电子传递的相关机制，并从光催化材料的性质、微生物的性质，以及如何复合光催化材料及微生物3个方面提出了今后发展的方向。

关键词:生物杂化体;氮循环;光电子;电活性微生物;光催化

Abstract:

Nitrogen is an essential element for living organisms on Earth, and it is constantly recycled in the biosphere in different forms. A biohybrid constructed with photocatalytic materials is a new system produced in recent years, which combines photocatalytic materials with electroactive microorganisms, integrating the excellent light trapping performance of photocatalysts and the bioefficient catalytic capability. Therefore, it is of great significance to study how the system plays a role in nitrogen cycling and the related mechanisms. This paper introduces the microbial nitrogen cycling and the nitrogen cycling driven by biohybrids and details several types, advantages and disadvantages, and related mechanisms of electron transfer driven by biohybrids constructed with photocatalytic materials. Finally, this paper makes an outlook on the development prospects in this field from the natures and combinations of photocatalytic materials and microorganisms.

Key words:biohybrid;nitrogen cycling;photoelectron;electroactive microorganisms;photocatalysis