不同翅型豌豆修尾蚜细菌群落组成及多样性

Community structure and diversity of bacteria in winged and wingless Megoura crassicauda

摘要:

【目的】 明确有翅和无翅豌豆修尾蚜[Megoura crassicauda (Mordvilko)]细菌种类与群落组成。【方法】 采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对有翅和无翅豌豆修尾蚜细菌16S rRNA基因的V3-V4变异区进行测序。【结果】 从总的样本中共测得4 746 449条序列，注释到25门46纲106目192科336属477种586操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU)。在总样本中，优势菌群包括厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)以及蓝藻细菌门(Cyanobacteria)。葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、棒状杆菌属(Corynebacterium)和布赫纳氏菌属(Buchnera)作为优势菌属显著存在。相较于无翅组，有翅组样本中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)与蓝藻细菌门(Cyanobacteria)的相对丰度呈显著提升，有翅组中异常球菌-栖热菌属(Deinococcus-Thermus)的相对丰度极显著高于无翅组，体现了明显的群落结构差异。在有翅组中布赫纳氏菌属(Buchnera)、微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)的相对丰度显著高于无翅组，有翅组中谷氨酸杆菌属(Glutamicibacter)、假诺卡氏菌属(Pseudonocardia)的相对丰度极显著高于无翅组。【结论】 本研究明确了有翅和无翅豌豆修尾蚜细菌多样性和群落组成，可为探索共生细菌参与蚜虫翅型分化作用机制以及找到害虫防治的新方法提供参考。

Abstract:

[Objective] To study the species and community structure of bacteria in winged and wingless Megoura crassicauda (Mordvilko). [Methods] Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was carried out for the V3-V4 variable region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene. [Results] A total of 4 746 449 sequences were obtained and annotated to 586 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 477 species, 336 genera, 192 families, 106 orders, 46 classes of 25 phyla. Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria were the dominant phyla in all samples. The dominant genera included Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Buchnera. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Deinococcus-Thermus in the winged morph was significantly higher than that in the wingless morph. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Buchnera, Exiguobacterium, Pseudomonas, Glutamicibacter, and Pseudonocardia in the winged morph was significantly higher than that in the wingless morph. [Conclusion] This study clarified the diversity and community structure of the bacteria in winged and wingless M. crassicauda and provided a reference for exploring the role of bacteria in the wing differentiation of aphids and developing new methods for pest control.