一株来自大西洋表层海水的烷烃降解菌Gordonia sp. S14-10的分离鉴定及其降解相关特性的分析

Isolation and identification of a hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium Gordonia sp. S14-10 from the surface water of Atlantic Ocean and analysis on its related characteristics

摘要:

摘要：【目的】本研究的目的是从大西洋表层海水分离筛选新的烷烃降解菌，了解其降解基因及降解特性，为海洋石油污染的生物治理提供材料。【方法】以柴油与原油作为混合碳源从大西洋表层海水样品中富集、并分离筛选出降解能力较强的烷烃降解菌。根据16S rRNA基因和其看家基因secA1序列确定其系统进化地位。分析了烷烃降解范围、表面活性剂产生能力及其他生理生化特性；利用已报道的兼并引物进行了烷烃羟化酶基因的PCR扩增及系统进化分析。【结果】分离筛选得到1株能够降解C10?C36直链烷烃的菌株S14-10。经16S rR

Abstract:

Abstract: [Objective] The aim of this study is to isolate novel and efficient hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (HDBs) from pelagic ocean. [Methods] The surface water sample from Atlantic Ocean was enriched in NH medium with crude oil: diesel oil (in a ratio of 1:1) as the sole carbon source. HDBs were isolated and their degradation ability was tested in MMC medium, and further subjected to genotypic and phenotypic analysis. Polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers was performed to detect the genes encoding integral-membrane non-heme iron monooxygenase (AlkB) and cytochrome P450 CYP153 family. Meanwhile, the production of biosurfactant was examined by surface tension measurement, then extracted and purified for component characterization. [Results] A hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium named S14-10 was obtained, which can utilize C10?C36 as the sole carbon source. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequence showed that it belonged to Gordonia genus showing the highest similarity (99.86%) with type strain of Gordonia terraeT, while secA1 sequence showed a low identity only 93.69%. Furthermore, two genes alkB and CYP153 P450 were obtained with PCR, which had highest similarities 88.76％and 99.61％ to that of Gordonia sp. TF6, respectively. In addition, strain S14-10 was found to produce glycolipid biosurfactant, which lowered the surface tension of water to 31.6 mN/m. [Conclusion] Strain S14-10 is possibly a novel species of Gordonia, and the first hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from open sea. It has potential in bioremediation of oil contaminated environment.