南美白对虾肠道微生物群落的分子分析

Bacterial community structure in intestine of the white shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei

摘要:

采用分子生物学手段16S rDNA克隆文库方法对实验室养殖条件下的南美白对虾肠道细菌进行了多样性研究。用限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)方法从文库中筛选出可能不同细菌来源的克隆子12个,测定其16S rDNA片段核甘酸序列,将所获得的序列与GenBank数据库进行BLAST比对,结果表明:南美白对虾肠道的16S rDNA克隆文库中126个克隆子分属2个不同的细菌类群:变形细菌(Proteobacteria)和厚壁细菌(Firmicutes),其中厚壁细菌为优势菌群占到75.4%,且与最相似序列同源性均低于94%;变形细菌占到24.6%,与最相似序列同源性均高于98%,分别为希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella),泛菌属(Pantoea),Aranicola属,假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和弧菌属(Vibrio)。

Abstract:

The composition of bacterial community in the intestine of the white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei under laboratory culture condition was determined using the 16S rDNA clone library. 16s rRNA gene was amplified and a library was constructed by using the genomic DNA extracted from the bacteria in the shrimp intestine as template. 12 different RFLP patterns of the clones were obtained by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using AfaⅠ and MspⅠ. Compared with the published sequences in GenBank database, sequencing results of cloned 16S rDNA amplicons revealed a diverse community including γ-proteobacteria and Firmicutes in the intestine of artificial diet-fed shrimp. Results showed that the Firmicutes group can be a dominant component (75.4%) in the shrimp intestinal microflora and other clones belong to γ-proteobacteria (24.6%) which were identified as Shewanella sp., Pantoea sp., Aranicola sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Vibrio sp., respectively. These results provide the first comprehensive description of microbial diversity of the white shrimp intestine and suggest that most of the bacteria associated with shrimp intestine are uncultured and novel species.