丝状真菌细胞凋亡研究进展

Progress in research on apoptosis in filamentous fungi—— A Review

摘要:

细胞凋亡是真核生物中保守而重要的细胞死亡机制, 与癌症、艾滋病等多种疾病密切相关。与酵母菌这一细胞凋亡模式生物相比, 丝状真菌凋亡研究起步较晚但具有其独特的优势。近年来丝状真菌细胞凋亡的内外源诱因、细胞凋亡的特征以及信号传导通路等方面的研究进展迅速。丝状真菌, 尤其是构巢曲霉和烟曲霉有望成为细胞凋亡研究新的模式物种。此外, 研究丝状真菌细胞凋亡现象在农业和医疗领域也具有重要的应用价值, 可为生物防治和人类真菌病的治疗提供新的思路。工业丝状真菌细胞凋亡研究有助于构建性状更加优良的工程菌株。

Abstract:

Apoptosis is a conserved mechanism that plays an essential role in eukaryotes. Malfunction of apoptosis contributes to many human diseases including cancer and AIDS. Compared with yeast, a monocellular eukaryote, which is the model organism for apoptosis research, investigation on filamentous fungi apoptosis has particular advantages, which remained unrecognized until recent years. Filamentous fungi, especially Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus Fumigatus, are expected to become new model species. Research on filamentous fungi apoptosis also has important value in agriculture and medical care, providing new ideas for the biocontrol and therapies of human mycosis. This review describes progress regarding the phenotypes, exogenous /endogenous inducers and signal pathways of apoptosis in filamentous fungi.