裂解性弧菌噬菌体的分离及生理特性

Isolation and physiological characteristics of lytic bacteriaphages of vibrio

摘要:

【目的】弧菌是水产养殖生物中常见的病原菌，本研究旨在寻求水产养殖病害可能的生物防治途径。【方法】本文于2006年春季、2005年秋季从沿岸海水及淡水湖采样，通过“双层平板法”分离裂解性弧菌噬菌体；对噬菌体及宿主进行电镜形态观测，同时采用16S rDNA分子测序技术鉴定宿主，并对噬菌体进行生理特性测定。【结果】从10个样品中分离出96株弧菌、2株裂解性噬菌体(Vibrio/XM/P1、Vibrio/XM/P2)，噬菌体宿主分别属于Vibrio alginolyticus（溶澡弧菌）和Vibrio anguillarum（鳗弧菌）；噬菌体头部都呈六边形，Vibrio/XM/P2有尾；两株噬菌体活性最适pH分别为7、8，最适温度分别为25℃、30℃，并都对高温和紫外线敏感；Vibrio/XM/P1对乙醚、氯仿不敏感，Vibrio/XM/P2对乙醚、氯仿敏感。

Abstract:

[Objective] Vibrio is a widely distributed pathogen in aquatic environment. Our study aimed at searching for possible biological control of pathogenic vibrio. [Methods] We collected natural samples from coast and lakes in spring of 2006 and autumn of 2005; and isolated lytic phages by double-layer plate method. We identified the hosts with 16S rDNA sequencing and observed their morphology with phages under electron microscopy. We also tested the physiological characteristics of phages. [Results] We isolated 96 bacteria and 2 phages (Vibio/XM/P1, Vibio/XM/P2). Their hosts be-longed to Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio anguillarum. Both phages were hexagonal-headed and one with a tail. Physio-logical tests show that their optimum grow condition were pH7, 25°C and pH8, 30°C. Both phages were sensitive to high temperature and UV light. Vibrio/XM/P2 was sensitive to aether and chloroform whereas Vibrio/XM/P1 not.