规律成簇的间隔短回文重复：结构，功能与应用

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats: structure, function and application —— A review

摘要:

摘要：规律成簇的间隔短回文重复（Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPRs）是一类广泛分布于细菌和古菌基因组中的重复结构。最近研究表明，CRISPR与一系列相关蛋白、前导序列一起，为原核生物提供对噬菌体等外源基因的获得性免疫能力，其作用机制可能与真核生物的RNA干扰过程类似。作为基因组中高度可变的区域，CRISPR非常适合成为研究细菌种内分型和微进化的分子靶标。本文综述了CRISPR系统的结构、功能及其应用概况，并对CRISPR研究的前景进行了展望。

Abstract:

Abstract: CRISPRs (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), the basis of spoligotyping technology, can provide prokaryotes with heritable adaptive immunity against phages’ invasion. Studies on CRISPR loci and their associated elements, including various CAS (CRISPR-associated) proteins and leader sequences, are still in its infant period. We introduce the brief history1, structure, function, bioinformatics research and application of this amazing immunity system in prokaryotic organism for inspiring more scientists to find their interest in this developing topic.