粘细菌基因组学研究进展

Research progress in genomics of Myxobacteria

摘要:

粘细菌(Myxobacteria)隶属于δ变形菌纲(Deltaproteobacteria)的粘球菌目(Myxococcales)，是一类革兰氏阴性杆状细菌。它是继放线菌和真菌之后又一重要的活性次级代谢产物产生菌，尽管如此，由于分离纯化困难，粘细菌的研究进展一直较为缓慢。随着测序技术的进步和生物信息学的应用，大量粘细菌基因组被完成测序和报道。本文对粘细菌研究意义及该类资源开发价值、分离培养存在的困难进行了阐述，对粘细菌基因组注释及目前已测菌株的全基因组进行了归纳总结，同时介绍了基因组学在粘细菌生态、捕食机制、子实体形成以及次级代谢产物合成方面的研究进展。本文有助于了解基因组学在粘细菌研究中的重要价值，为联合应用多组学技术深入研究粘细菌代谢机制和社会性行为提供了参考，对粘细菌基础研究、资源发掘和开发利用具有重要意义。

关键词:粘细菌，基因组学，高通量测序，次级代谢产物

Abstract:

Myxobacteria are Gram-staining-negative and rod-shaped bacteria belonging to the order Myxococcales in the class of Deltaproteobacteria. The excellent capability of producing secondary metabolites makes myxobacteria one of the most important sources of natural products, following fungi and actinomycetes. However, the research and development of myxobacteria has been limited because of the difficulty to isolate and purify myxobacteria strains. With the advances in sequencing technology and bioinformatics, a large number of genomes of myxobacteria have been sequenced and released. In this paper, we reviewed the importance of research, value of resource development and difficulties of isolation and purification in myxobacteria, summarized the published myxobacterial genomes and their annotation information, introduced the research progress of myxobacterial genomics involved in myxobacterial ecology, predation mechanism, formation of fruiting bodies and producing of secondary metabolites. This paper is helpful for understanding the important value of genomics in myxobacteria research and for further investigating the metabolic mechanism and social behaviors of myxobacteria using multi-omics techniques, with great significance for resource collection and development of myxobacteria.

Key words:Myxobacteria, Genomics, High-throughput sequencing, Secondary metabolites