Community structure and distribution of anammox bacteria in different habitat

Abstract:

[Objective] Anaerobic ammonium oxidation is a biogeochemical process of oxidizing ammonium and reducing nitrite or nitrate to produce N₂ by anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria under anaerobic conditions, which is an important process for removing fixed nitrogen from global ecosystem. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the biogeography patterns of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in diverse habitats.[Methods] Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria from national center for biotechnology information database, we analyzed the distribution and diversity of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in different habitat by Mothur Software. [Results] Results showed that Ca. Scalindua dominated in marine environment. Ca. Brocadia had broad distribution in both freshwater and agricultural soils ecosystem, and it was also dominant in engineered reactors, showing the higher concentration inorganic nitrogen may facilitate Ca. Brocadia existence. Wetland and estuary ecosystem had the highest diversity of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in which Ca. Scalindua, Ca. Brocadia and Ca. Kuenenia all had relative higher abundance. [Conclusion] This study demonstrated the community structure and distribution characteristics of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in different habitat, suggesting that different environmental factors in different habitat affect the population distribution and phylogenetic evolution of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria.

Key words:anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria;gene database;diversity;habitat;community structure